Monumen Nasional

National Monument or the popular abbreviated or Tugu Monas Monument is a monument as high as 132 meters (433 feet) which was established to commemorate the resistance and the Indonesian people's struggle for independence from the Dutch East Indies colonial administration. Construction of this monument began on August 17, 1961 under the orders of President Sukarno, and opened to the public on July 12, 1975. The monument is crowned with flame-coated gold leaf that symbolizes the spirit of the glowing struggle. National Monument is located right in the middle of Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta. Monuments and museums are open every day starting at 08:00 to 15:00 West Indonesia Time. On Monday last week of each month is closed to the public.

history

After the central government of the Republic of Indonesia returned to Jakarta after the previous domicile in Yogyakarta in 1950 following the recognition of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia by the Dutch government in 1949, President Sukarno began thinking about building a national monument which is equivalent to the Eiffel Tower on the ground right in front of Merdeka Palace. Monas monument Development aims to commemorate and preserve the Indonesian struggle during the revolution of independence, 1945, to continue to inspire patriotism and spirit of present and future generations.

On August 17, 1954 a national committee was formed and a national monument design competition held in 1955. There are 51 works entered, but only one works made by Frederich Silaban who meet the prescribed criteria of the committee, among others, describe the character of the Indonesian nation and can last for centuries. The second contest was held in 1960 but again none of 136 participants who meet the criteria. Chairman of the jury later asked Silaban to show the design to Sukarno. However, Sukarno less like the design it and he wanted the monument was shaped phallus and yoni. Silaban then asked to design a monument with a theme like that, but the design of the proposed Silaban too extraordinary that the costs are very large and can not be borne by the state budget, especially when economic conditions were bad enough. Silaban refused to design a smaller building, and suggested that development be postponed until the Indonesian economy improves. Sukarno then asks architect R.M. Soedarsono to resume the draft. Soedarsono enter number 17, 8 and 45, represent begin August 17, 1945 proclamation of Indonesian independence, into the design of the monument. [1] [2] [3] The National Memorial was later built in the area of 80 hectares. This monument diarsiteki Silaban and R. Friedrich M. Soedarsono, began construction August 17, 1961

development

The development consists of three stages. The first phase, the period 1961/1962 - 1964/1965 officially begins with thethe commencement of construction on August 17, 1961 with a ceremonial stick Sukarno first concrete pegs . Total 284 pins are used as building foundation concrete. A total of 360 pegs embedded earth for the foundation of the national history museum. The entire foundation erection completed in March 1962. The walls of the museum at the base of the building was completed in October. Development obelisk then started and finally completed in August 1963. The second phase of development took place in the period 1966 until 1968 due to the September 30th Movement of 1965 (G-30-S/PKI) and an attempted coup, this phase was delayed. The final stage took place in 1969-1976 by adding a diorama at the museum's history. Although construction has been completed, problems still occur, including leakage of water that flooded the museum. The monument was officially opened to the public and was inaugurated on July 12, 1975 by the President of the Republic of Indonesia Soeharto. [4] [5] The location of this monument known as the Merdeka Square. Monas Square experiencing five times the renaming Gambier Field, Field Ikada, Merdeka Square, National Monument Square and Monument Park. Around the monument there is a garden, two ponds and some open field where the exercise. On holidays Medan Merdeka filled with visitors who enjoy the scenery Monas recreation and perform various activities in the park.

monument design

Monas design based on the concept of universal eternal partner; Linga and Yoni. Monument towering obelisk that symbolizes the phallus male, masculine elements which are active and positive, and symbolizes the day. While the court of the cup base is Yoni obelisk that symbolizes female, feminine elements are passive and negative, and symbolizes the night. [6] Linga and yoni is the symbol of fertility and harmonious unity complementary Indonesia since prehistoric times. Also Monas form can also be interpreted as a pair of "pestle" and "mortar", a rice pestle found in every traditional Indonesian peasant household. Thus the full dimensions of the monument design distinctive national culture of Indonesia. The monument consists of 117.7 meters above the obelisk on a square base of The 17 meters tall, the court of the cup. This monument is coated with Italian marble.

Swimming on Merdeka Square Park North is 25 x 25 meters designed as part of the air conditioning system as well as enhance your appearance Monument Park. Nearby there is the fountain and statue of Prince Diponegoro, who was riding his horse, made of bronze weighing 8 tons. The statue was created by Italian sculptor, Professor. Coberlato [7] as a donation by the Consulate General of Honores, Dr. Mario Bross in Indonesia. The entrance to the monument located in North Merdeka park near the statue of Prince Diponegoro. Entrance through a tunnel that is 3 m below the park and cross the road this monument, the entrance of visitors to the memorial monument. Ticket booth located at the end of the tunnel. When the visitors got back into the ground on the north side of the monument, visitors can continue the tour of the relief of the history of the struggle of Indonesia; get into the museum of national history through the door at the northeast corner, or straight up into the middle towards independence hall or elevator to the top court of the monument.